| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| AI | Artificial intelligence |
| ARENA | Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA). ARENA is a statutory authority that provides research, development and deployment grant funding to improve the affordability and increase the supply of renewable energy in Australia. |
| Biotechnologies | Biotechnologies harness cellular and biomolecular processes to improve our health, wellbeing, economy and environment. This includes engineering cells that recycle plastics and microorganisms to recover metals from ores |
| CO2 | Carbon dioxide |
| CO2-e | Carbon dioxide equivalent |
| CRC | Co-operative Research Centre |
| DCCEEW | Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water |
| DISR | Department of Industry, Science and Resources |
| DRI | Direct reduced iron |
| GDP | Gross Domestic Product |
| GVA | Gross Value Added |
| GWP | Global warming potential |
| Mt | Million tonnes |
| NGERS | National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Scheme |
| NZEA | Net Zero Economy Authority |
| R&D | Research and development |
| Scope 1, 2 and 3 |
Scope 1 emissions refer to greenhouse gas emissions released into the atmosphere as a direct result of the activities at a facility Scope 2 emissions are those released in the process of producing the electricity which is generated externally and imported in to power a facility, Scope 3 emissions are other indirect emissions which occur outside the boundary of a facility. Typically, these occur are upstream or downstream of the facility. (CER, 2025b) |
| SME | Small-to-medium enterprise (non-employing and businesses with 1–19 or 20–199 employees) |