The Australian Government is now operating in line with Caretaker Conventions, pending the outcome of the 2025 federal election.
Australian schools education data looks at enrolments for students by gender and field of education.
This includes STEM fields of education, which are:
Compare year 12 school subject enrolment numbers for girls and boys in STEM fields, non‑STEM fields and health fields.
Source: Department of Education, 2023; Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2001; Australian Institute of Family Studies, 2016.
Year 12 subject choice data was supplied by the Australian Government Department of Education. The Department of Education derived enrolment information from data supplied by state and territory curriculum, assessment and certification authorities.
Data is a count of enrolments only. This means every year 12 student can be counted multiple times, because they are counted for each enrolment. For example, the same student enrolled in an accounting subject and a business management subject will count as 2 enrolments for the management and commerce field.
The number of enrolments in year 12 STEM subjects increased from 2021 to 2022 for both girls (up 9,423 enrolments or 5.5%) and boys (up 11,079 enrolments or 5.8%). Enrolments also increased for non-STEM subjects, by 2.6% (8,119 enrolments) for girls and 4.9% (12,073 enrolments) for boys.
Enrolments in year 12 STEM subjects represented 38% of total year 12 enrolments in 2022. This remained similar to 2021, where STEM subject enrolments were 37% of total year 12 enrolments.
The proportion of STEM subject enrolments from girls has slightly increased over time. From 2013 to 2022, the proportion of STEM enrolments by girls increased from 45% to 47%. In contrast, the proportion of non-STEM enrolments by girls slightly decreased from 57% to 55% over this time.
There have been very slight increases in enrolments by girls in some STEM subjects since 2013. The fields where enrolment by girls decreased slightly were engineering and related technologies and other natural and physical sciences.
In 2022, girls made up a large proportion of student enrolments in:
Girls remained underrepresented in:
Compare year 12 enrolment numbers for girls and boys in mathematics subjects by level of mathematics subject.
Source: Department of Education, 2023; Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2001; Australian Institute of Family Studies, 2016; Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute, 2021.
We analysed year 12 enrolment data for mathematics subjects in more detail.
The Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute (AMSI) identified 4 levels of maths subject. From lowest to highest, they are:
ATAR (Australian Tertiary Admission Rank) is the main criterion for Australian student entry into university. An ATAR subject is eligible to contribute to the calculation of a student’s ATAR.
The total number of enrolments in maths subjects at all levels has decreased for both girls and boys compared to 2013. Despite this, the proportion of year 12 maths enrolments relative to total year 12 enrolments has remained the same, at 18% in both 2013 and 2022. The proportion of enrolments for girls has remained similar for most levels of mathematics subjects since 2013.
For higher mathematics subjects, the proportion of enrolments for girls remained similar, from 36% in 2013 to 37% in 2022. Higher mathematics has the lowest proportion of girls out of all levels.
Year 12 subject choice data was supplied by the Australian Government Department of Education. The Department of Education derived enrolment information from data supplied by state and territory curriculum, assessment and certification authorities.
Education departments were requested to supply only enrolments in tertiary accredited subjects. VET subjects in schools were included. Mathematics courses included in the elementary (generally non-ATAR) category are tertiary accredited but correspond more closely to Essential Mathematics in the Australian Curriculum.
Data is a count of enrolments only. This means a student enrolled in multiple subjects in the same field will be counted for each enrolment. For example, the same student enrolled in an accounting subject and a business management subject will count as 2 enrolments for the management and commerce field.
Department of Education data included subject name and key learning area (KLA), both of which were supplied by state and territory education departments. To ensure consistency across states/territories and years, we classified all subjects according to the Australian Standard Classification of Education (ASCED).
To do this, we used the supplied subject name and KLA. We also used the Australian Institute of Family Studies (AIFS) School Subject Coder and state and territory curriculum websites to determine subjects where required.
Years refer to the calendar year of enrolment.
Mathematics data is shown by level for subjects in the mathematical sciences field. Information on mathematics subject levels was supplied by Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute (AMSI).
View AMSI resources.
Read more about our methodology and this data.
