Passenger rolling stock procurements

Latest insights

Major passenger rail manufacturing projects are now in active stages of procurement across Australia. For example: 

  • There are 14 new rolling stock procurements in active planning, development or under delivery, with procurements for urban heavy rail carriages dominating investments.
  • These rolling stock procurement projects are worth over $16 billion, some of which include associated rail infrastructure, manufacturing or maintenance facility investments.
  • Investments continue across other rolling stock types, including broad gauge regional passenger, metro and light rail rolling stock.
  • Delivery of life extension programs for rolling stock, like the $447 million Tangara Life Extension, will extend the service life of selected fleets.

In this edition: This page contains data as of November 2025.

New fleet procurements

State and territory governments are actively procuring new passenger rolling stock fleets for their public transport networks. This section gives a breakdown of state government commitments to progress new rolling stock fleet acquisitions as of November 2025. As well as new rolling stock, the data table explores maintenance, refurbishment and related programs.

New South Wales

The Future Fleet Program

  • The New South Wales Government has committed to start procurement activities by March 2027 to replace the existing Tangara fleet. This includes a government investment of $447 million to extend the life of the current Tangara fleet through a technology modernisation program. This will be the first in a long-term pipeline of locally built trains for suburban fleet replacement and refurbishments through to the 2050s.
  • The government’s early guidance for industry outlines the key outcomes and priorities for the future NSW suburban passenger rail fleets.
  • This includes 50% ANZ local content targets in both the rolling stock and through life support contracts. 

Regional rail (R sets)

  • The government is making an estimated $1.2 billion capital investment to replace the ageing regional rail fleet of XPT, XPLORER and Endeavour trains used on intra-state and inter-state services. The contract includes the design, build, and maintenance of the new Regional Rail fleet, awarded to the Momentum Trains consortium.
    • Starting in 2025, the government has committed $40.3 million over 5 years for the XPT Life Extension Project. This will give passengers a safe and comfortable service until the next generation Regional Rail Fleet is ready for introduction into passenger service.
  • A delivery total of 19 3-car sets and 10 6-car sets. As of March 2025, 3 sets are in different stages of completion works, testing and assessments on the network. The fleet will operate an Australian first Bi-mode technology that uses diesel engines or overhead electric power.
  • As part of the Regional Rail project, the government provided $1.5 billion to deliver the new purpose-built maintenance facility named Mindyarra, in Dubbo. The facility will service the fleet and associated maintenance services for the first 15 years.

Metro and light rail projects

  • Parramatta Light Rail – Stage 2. It is expected that as part of this project, 13 more light rail vehicles will be procured for Stage 2, in line with expanded the stabling and maintenance facilities. The proposed vehicles would be interoperable with the light rail vehicles procured for Stage 1. Design and early works have commenced, with major construction anticipated during 2025.
  • Sydney Metro – Western Sydney Airport. The rolling stock for this project is a delivery of 12 automated 3-car Inspiro HC sets by Siemens. In January 2025, assembly of a prototype carriage took place for testing and feedback from users in Western Sydney.
  • Sydney Metro – West. Contract procurement for the trains, systems, maintenance and operations are ongoing with a shortlist of bidders proceeding to the request for tender stage. The Trains and Systems package includes the procurement of 16 metro trains.

Victoria

VLocity trains

  • The Victorian Government has invested $601 million in the Victorian Budget 2023/24 to build 23 new VLocity trains. The 23x3 carriage sets will help continue to meet the demand of regional rail travel in Victoria. The VLocity trains are more accessible and more reliable than the classic fleet diesel locomotive hauled carriages. The VLocity fleet will gradually replace the existing classic fleet.
  • Like previous orders of VLocity trains, Alstom in Dandenong is manufacturing the latest tranche of rolling stock. When this work is complete, there will be 141 3-car VLocity sets in service, which has led to benefits of design, component commonality and maintenance.
  • The South Dynon Train Maintenance Facility has also received an upgrade as part of this investment to increase maintenance and servicing capacity. 

X'Trapolis 2.0 trains

  • The government is investing $986 million in 25 X’Trapolis 2.0 trains and supporting upgrades to the Craigieburn Train Maintenance Facility in Melbourne. Alstom is manufacturing the fleet in Ballarat, with early accessibility co-design work done at Alstom's facility in Tullamarine.
  • The first X’Trapolis 2.0 was completed in November 2024, with static and network testing commencing in early 2025.
  • As the X’Trapolis 2.0 fleet enters service, some of the existing Comeng fleet will be progressively retire.

Next Generation Trams

  • The government is investing $1.85 billion in 100 Next Generation Trams (G Class), signing a contract with Alstom in April 2022 to design, build and maintain the new fleet.
  • The low-floor tram’s design was finalised in 2023, and the main manufacturing program is now underway at Dandenong. The first trams are expected to arrive for testing on the network in 2025. The trams will also feature a roof-mounted battery cell pack and other energy-efficient equipment.
  • As a part of this project, a new tram maintenance and stabling facility is being built at Maidstone to maintain the new fleet.

Suburban Rail Loop: East

  • The first stage of the Suburban Rail Loop (SRL) project has 26 kilometres of twin tunnels, 6 new underground stations, and the construction of new facilities and supporting infrastructure. SRL East will deliver a new dedicated fleet of 4-car medium capacity rolling stock (MCRS), with vehicle specifications including all the necessary features for underground and tunnel operations. The SRL rolling stock will be automated and capable of an operating line speed of 100km per hour.

Queensland

Queensland Train Manufacturing Program

  • The Queensland Train Manufacturing Program commits over $4 billion to build 65 new 6-car passenger trains at a purpose-built manufacturing facility at Torbanlea, near Maryborough. More maintenance and stabling facilities will be built to house the new trains. Downer was awarded the Design Build Maintain Contract (DBM) and partnered with the Hyundai Rotem Corporation (HRC) for the manufacturing of the 65 new trains.
  • In late 2024, a low-fidelity (lo-fi) QTMP train mock-up was built and underwent testing in Brisbane as part of a co-design process. The process ensures compliance, functionality, and accessibility for passengers.
    • In May 2025, a full-scale mock-up QTMP train was built in Maryborough and delivered to test accessibility features. The high-fidelity mock-up replicates the train cab and 2 carriages. It will be used to assess accessibility features to ensure the trains meet the needs of all passengers, including those with disability or limited mobility.
  • The construction of the Torbanlea facility for major manufacturing and assembly works is underway and set to finish in late 2025. The facility will also include an onsite commissioning track which will test the new QTMP fleet before the trains enter the network.
  • Downer’s joint venture partner Hyundai Rotem announced the establishment of a $30 million facility in Maryborough to make sub-components for the QTMP fleet. This is in addition to the Torbanlea site currently under construction. 

Light rail procurements

  • With the expansion of the Gold Coast Light Rail system, additional rolling stock is being procured. The 6.7-kilometre Stage 3 project includes 5 new light rail vehicles, with infrastructure testing and commissioning expected to start by late 2025.

Western Australia

WA Railcar Program (C-series)

  • The Western Australia Government is investing $1.7 billion to deliver 41 new 6 carriage C-series trains, for a total of 246 carriages. The carriages will be needed to service the expanding network and replace the ageing A-series trains.
  • The Bellevue Railcar Manufacturing and Maintenance Facility allowing for local railcar production and testing was also built.
  • As of May 2025, 8 sets are now in network service, with additional trains in different stages of production, testing or commissioning at the Railcar Assembly Facility at Bellevue.
  • The Railcar Program includes a 20-year maintenance and support service for the EMU and DMU trains.

WA Railcar Program (DMU)

  • As part of the WA Railcar Program, initially 6 new diesel railcars (2x3 car sets) were ordered alongside the C-series electric carriages. The original order was doubled to 4 sets in January 2025 with an extra $80 million invested, to support an increase in future service frequency.
  • Delivery of 4x3-car sets to operate the Australind Service between Perth and Bunbury.
  • The DMU design is now complete and production of the first of these new railcars is underway in Bellevue.

Australian Capital Territory

ACT Light Rail Stage 2A (rolling stock)

  • Alongside the network extension, procurement of rolling stock to allow services on the Light Rail Stage 2A is ongoing.
  • 5 new light rail vehicles to be delivered, with 4 vehicles in service and the remaining in delivery process. The vehicles are pre-fitted with an onboard energy storage system to enable wire-free running on Stage 2A of the network.
  • Retrofit the existing fleet of 14 light rail vehicles with onboard Ni-Cd batteries for wire-free network operations. The ACT Government has allocated $149.7 million for the new LRVs, depot expansion and retrofitting process.

Explore the data table

The data table includes: 

  • more information on rolling stock procurements
  • additional types of procurements including rolling stock maintenance and refurbishments
  • links to more information on state and territory websites.

Enter a search term in the box below for immediate results or sort results by clicking the table headings.  

Results will update as you type.

Procurement

State or territory 

Procurement status

Start year

End year 

Estimated total value (A$) of rolling stock as at March 2025

Number of trains, sets and LRVs

Number of carriages

Type of rolling stock

Lead procuring agency 

Lead contractor

Procurement approach

Additional information
Regional Rail - R sets NSW Under Delivery 2019   $3,640,000,000 29 117 Non-urban heavy rail Transport for NSW Momentum Trains Public Private Partnership The NSW Government is replacing the ageing rail fleet of XPT, XPLORER and Endeavour trains. As part of the Regional Rail project, the government has also constructed a new purpose-built maintenance facility in Dubbo. The revised capital budget of $2.29 billion is for the new fleet, the Mindyarra Maintenance Centre in Dubbo, rail infrastructure upgrades across NSW and ACT, VIC and QLD and client project costs. In addition, there is a budget of $1.35 billion associated with maintenance services for the first 15 years.
Future Fleet Program (Tangara Replacement Fleet) NSW Detailed Planning 2027     55 440 Urban Heavy Rail Transport for NSW n/a Unconfirmed The NSW Government has committed to begin procuring the replacement of the Tangara train fleet by March 2027. 
Tangara Life Extension NSW Awarded 2025 2028 $447,000,000 55 440 Urban Heavy Rail Transport for NSW Sydney Trains Procure From Existing/Extension The NSW Government is investing $447 million to extend the life of the current Tangara train fleet. The work being undertaken will see technology upgrades, including of the Train Management System, safety and disability compliance, as well as modernising on-board information systems. 
Parramatta Light Rail Stage 2 NSW Announced 2025     13   Light Rail Transport for NSW n/a Unconfirmed Parramatta Light Rail Stage 2 will connect local communities in the Greater Parramatta and Olympic Peninsula. Design and enabling works have begun, with major construction starting in 2025. 
Sydney Metro: Western Sydney Airport - rolling stock, operations and maintenance NSW Under Delivery 2022 2027   12 36 Metro/Driverless Metro Sydney Metro Authority Parklife Metro Consortium Public Private Partnership The new Sydney Metro - Western Sydney Airport metro railway will connect communities and travellers with the new Western Sydney International Airport and the growing region. The project will deliver six new stations, 12 x 3-car new driverless metro trains, core rail systems and a stabling and maintenance facility. This includes a 15-year maintenance contract once the Metro is operational.
Sydney Metro: West - rolling stock NSW Under Procurement 2023 2032   16 96 Metro/Driverless Metro Sydney Metro Authority   Service Contract The Sydney Metro: West project is a new underground metro railway and includes the procurement of 16 new metro trains.
Train Repair Plan NSW Under Delivery 2024 2025 $35,000,000 372 2000 Urban Heavy Rail Transport for NSW Sydney Trains Procure From Existing/Extension The $35 million Train Repair Plan will upgrade more than 2000 cars, which make up 372 trains, in line with modern standards. The program includes improving technology, communications and operating systems, and critical repairs to doors, brakes, windows, air conditioning and CCTV cameras. 
XPT Life Extension Project NSW Under Delivery 2025   $40,300,000   77 Non-urban heavy rail Transport for NSW Sydney Trains Service Contract Sydney Trains is undertaking work to ensure the fleet continues to provide passengers with a safe and comfortable service until the next generation Regional Rail Fleet is ready to be introduced into passenger service. The NSW Government has committed $40.3 million over five years for the XPT Life Extension Project.
X'Trapolis 2.0 Trains VIC Under Delivery 2021 2026 $986,000,000 25 150 Urban Heavy Rail Department of Transport Alstom Market Led Proposal The Victorian Government is investing $986 million in 25 X'Trapolis 2.0 trains and supporting infrastructure.
Next Generation Trams VIC Under Delivery 2022   $1,400,000,000 100 100 Light Rail Department of Transport Alstom Traditional Procurement The Victorian Government is investing $1.85 billion in 100 Next Generation Trams and a new tram maintenance and stabling facility in Melbourne's west. Of that investment, $1.4b is in rolling stock.
VLocity Trains VIC Under Delivery 2024 2026 $601,000,000 23 69 Non-urban heavy rail Department of Transport Alstom Procure From Existing/Extension The Victorian Government has invested $601 million to build 23 new VLocity trains. The VLocity trains are more accessible, produce less carbon emissions and are more reliable than the V/Line's older classic fleet. 
Suburban Rail Loop Stage 1 (South East) - rolling stock VIC Detailed Planning 2022 2035   13 52 Urban Heavy Rail Suburban Rail Loop Authority   Alliance The Suburban Rail Loop: East (SRL East) is the first stage of the Suburban Rail Loop project. SRL East will also involve 26 kilometres of twin tunnels, six new underground stations, and the construction of new facilities and supporting infrastructure. SRL East will deliver a new dedicated fleet of rolling stock, which has been identified as four-car medium capacity rolling stock (MCRS), with vehicle specifications including all the necessary features for underground / tunnel operations. The SRL rolling stock will be automated and capable of an operating line speed of 100km per hour.
Z and A Class Tram Life Extension VIC Under Delivery 2019 2026 $102,000,000 156   Light Rail Department of Transport Various Unconfirmed More than 25 local suppliers are working to extend the life of Melbourne's A and Z Class trams. 
VLocity and Classic Fleet Maintenance VIC Under Delivery 2024 2034 $1,500,000,000     Non-urban heavy rail Department of Transport Alstom Traditional Procurement The Vlocity train fleet, alongside the Classic fleet, will be maintained out of West Melbourne, South Dynon and Ballarat East sites 
Queensland Train Manufacturing Program - Rolling stock QLD Awarded 2023 2032 $4,869,000,000 65 390 Urban Heavy Rail Department of Transport and Main Roads Downer Traditional Procurement The Queensland Train Manufacturing Program will build 65 new six car passenger trains at a purpose-built manufacturing facility at Torbanlea. As part of the program, a new rail facility will also be constructed at Ormeau, in the Gold Coast region. Gold Coast-based company ADCO has been awarded a $120 million contract to build a new rail maintenance building at Ormeau, which will conduct maintenance on passenger trains built in Maryborough under the Queensland Train Manufacturing Program. 
New Generation Rollingstock - Automatic Train Operation and Platform Screen Doors Fitment QLD Under Delivery 2023 2026 $275,700,000 75 450 Urban Heavy Rail Department of Transport and Main Roads Alstom Public Private Partnership New Generation Rollingstock fleet fitment for Automatic Train Operation and Platform Screen Door operations enabling for Cross River Rail working. Further information is available in the SEQ Rail Connect plan.
New Generation Rollingstock - European Train Control System Fitment QLD Under Delivery 2022 2026 $374,100,000 75 450 Urban Heavy Rail Department of Transport and Main Roads Alstom Public Private Partnership New Generation Rollingstock fleet European Train Control System (ETCS) fitment enabling Cross River Rail operation. Further information is available in the SEQ Rail Connect plan.
Gold Coast Light Rail Stage 3 QLD Under Delivery 2021 2025   5   Light Rail Department of Transport and Main Roads GoldlinQ Consortium Public Private Partnership The Gold Coast Light Rail system is being delivered in stages.  Stage 3 will involve 5 additional trams, as well as significant investment in track and station infrastructure.
Strategic Partnership Agreement QLD Under Delivery 2022 2027 $300,000,000 64   Urban Heavy Rail Queensland Rail Downer Unconfirmed 64 trains from Queensland Rail's SMU and IMU fleets will be progressively overhauled and upgraded over a six-year period. Works include load bearing structures, traction converters and high-voltage systems as well as customer enhancements including refreshed passenger seating, flooring and air-conditioning and new onboard digital screens. Interior changes include more priority seating, an accessible carriage for wheelchairs and mobility devices, better Wi-Fi, new electronic media screens, LED carriage lights that adjust to surrounding light, anti-graffiti paint on seats and improved doors.  
WA Railcar Program (C-series) WA Under Delivery 2019 2031 $1,700,000,000 41 246 Urban Heavy Rail Public Transport Authority Alstom Traditional Procurement As a part of the WA Railcar Program, will deliver 246 C-series railcars (41x6 car sets). The first train entered revenue service in April 2024, with the 6th set in service as of March 2025. This program also included 46 million for the establishment of the Bellevue Railcar Manufacturing and Assembly Facility. This includes a 20-year maintenance and support services for the EMU and DMU trains. 
WA Railcar Program (DMU) WA Under Delivery 2019 2031 $134,000,000 4 12 Non-urban heavy rail Public Transport Authority Alstom Traditional Procurement As a part of the WA Railcar Program, 12 new diesel railcars (4x3 car sets) will be delivered to operate the Australind service between Perth and Bunbury. $54m for original 2 sets was allocated in the original scope of the railcar program in 2020. In January 2025, 2 additional diesel railcar sets were ordered. 
ACT Light Rail Stage 2A - light rail vehicles ACT Under Delivery 2022   $149,684,000 19   Light Rail ACT Government Canberra Metro Consortium Public Private Partnership Light Rail Stage 2A will extend the existing ACT light rail system. 5 new light rail vehicles to be delivered by 2026, and the existing 14 light rail vehicles are being refitted for wireless network operations. $149.7 million has been allocated for the new LRVs, depot expansion and retrofitting process.

Download the data

This spreadsheet contains data we used to develop the interactive charts. You can use it to create your own assumptions-based modelling or projections.

About the data

The passenger rolling stock procurement data: 

  • does not include information for South Australia, the Northern Territory or Tasmania. There are no active rail procurements in those jurisdictions by governments.
  • has blank data cells in the data table. This is because some information was not available at the time of publication.
  • combines some related procurements, like rolling stock and related infrastructure or civil works. This is because some rolling stock procurement funding could not be separated from associated investment.
  • in some instances has an estimated total value (A$) of Rolling Stock that may contain expenditure on civil works, associated infrastructure or ongoing maintenance contracts.
  • does not include information on tourist and heritage operations or freight and heavy haul rolling stock. 

Data definitions

Term 

Description 
Procurement status What phase the procurement is in.
 – Announced A project has a funding commitment and a timeline for delivery from a government or a private sector proponent. 
 – Awarded A preferred bidder has been selected or reached financial or contractual close for a project.
 – Detailed planning Investigating a project through formal studies, reviews, planning approval or other processes. 
 – Projected Acknowledgment or long-term planning for future rolling stock procurement.   
 – Under delivery Delivery, manufacture or construction is underway for the procurement, or services have started through a contract.
 – Under procurement The lead department or agency has sought responses from the market. Either through an Expression of Interest, a Request for Tender or another form of formal request for bids.
Estimated total value The estimated total value of the procurement.
Rolling stock type The category of rolling stock related to the procurement.
 – Light rail Rolling stock for light rail or tram services, like Light Rail Vehicles (LVRs).
 – Metro and driverless metro Rolling stock for high frequency, rapid transit services on a dedicated right of way in urban areas.
 – Non-urban heavy rail Rolling stock used for medium distance (primarily commuter), regional and interstate passenger services, which may or may not be self-propelled.
 – Urban heavy rail Rolling stock used for urban or outer-urban services.
Number of trains, sets and LRVs The number of train consists or light rail vehicles in a procurement. For example, a ‘6-car set’.
Number of carriages The number of train carriages or light rail vehicles in a procurement.
Lead procuring agency The full name of the lead procuring department, agency or operator.
Lead contractor The full name of the lead contractor awarded the work.
Procurement approach What approach the parties have, or will, take in the procurement.
 – Alliance Under an alliance contract, a government client works collaboratively with private suppliers to deliver the project. Alliance contracting generally requires the parties to work together in good faith, act with integrity and make best-for-project decisions. The alliance participants work as an integrated, collaborative team to deal with key project delivery matters. Under these contracts, parties often jointly manage project delivery risks, although financial exposure lies mostly with the state.
 – Market led proposal The private sector submits a unique and unsolicited proposal to government to build and finance projects, provide goods or services or purchase a government-owned asset. A government may also release a Problem of Opportunity Statement that industry may respond to. These proposals are generally outside standard planning and competitive procurement processes.
 – Public-private partnership In a public-private partnership, a government pays the private sector (typically a consortium) to deliver infrastructure and related services over the long term. The private provider will build the facility and operate or maintain it to specified standards. The private provider usually finances the projects.
 – Service contract Providing a service. For example, for a company to provide a ticketing system or to deliver and operate other transit public transport services. 
 – Traditional procurement Contracts that, to varying degrees, allocate construction and design risk to the suppliers, but not through an alliance or public-private partnership. Historically, these are the most common type of contract that governments and private sector entities use to deliver projects.
   Unconfirmed If the procurement approach is unknown or yet to be decided.